Institutions from across 30 countries answered a survey on the running costs of these techniques when monitoring fish products to catch fraudsters.

In all 57 compliance investigations identified, the costs of DNA analysis were found to be less than the value of the confiscations or fines imposed for infringements.

On the back of these results and in line with Article 13 ("new technologies") of the EU Common Fisheries Policy Control Regulation, the study calls for control and enforcement agencies to be encouraged to use DNA analysis techniques more routinely.