It follows a previous survey on the same issues which was conducted in May-June 2015 and published in October 2015 (Special EB 436), and this report includes trend comparisons with the 2015 survey. This survey was designed to explore: Awareness of the term “biodiversity”; Perceptions of the biggest threats to biodiversity; Perceptions of the reasons for stopping the loss of biodiversity; What the EU should do to prevent the loss of biodiversity; Awareness about the Natura 2000 network, the perceived importance of nature protection areas, and attitudes to developments that may damage these areas